20號(hào)鋼的簡(jiǎn)介大綱
20#鋼含碳量Carbon content of # 20 steel
20#鋼熱處理規(guī)范Heat treatment specification for # 20 steel
20#鋼金相組織Metallographic structure of 20# steel
20#鋼執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)20# steel as per standard
20#鋼淬火硬度Quenching hardness of # 20 steel
20#鋼力學(xué)性能Mechanical properties of # 20 steel
20#鋼交貨狀態(tài)20# steel delivery status
20#鋼許用應(yīng)力Allowable stress of # 20 steel
20#鋼化學(xué)成份20# toughening ingredients
20#鋼應(yīng)用20 # steel application
①、20#鋼:平均含碳量為0.17-0.23%,此種材質(zhì)中碳的含量,大概在0.2%左右。
②、20#鋼熱處理規(guī)范:正火,910℃,空冷。
③、20#鋼金相組織:鐵素體+珠光體。
20#鋼執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn):執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為GB/T711/WTB
④、20#鋼熱處理及20號(hào)鋼淬火硬度:作為20鋼來說,普通淬火硬度要達(dá)到30-35HRC是能夠辦到的。只是由于加熱溫度較高,淬火變形較大而已。
⑤、20#鋼工件粗加工后熱處理整體淬火(920℃淬鹽水),再精加工。由于硬度要求30-35HRC,應(yīng)該是所有工序都能加工,不外乎精車內(nèi)外圓,修花鍵槽。
⑥、20#鋼同樣粗加工,內(nèi)孔表面淬火或只表淬花鍵槽(視工件大小而定),后精加工。
⑦、20#鋼滲碳淬火,修磨內(nèi)孔和鍵槽。
⑧、20#鋼交貨狀態(tài):退火、正火或高溫回火狀態(tài)交貨。
退火A:是將鋼板加熱至適當(dāng)溫度根據(jù)材料和規(guī)格的不同的加熱時(shí)間然后進(jìn)行緩慢冷卻
正火N:將鋼板加熱到適宜溫度在空氣中進(jìn)行冷卻
回火T:將鋼板在某一適當(dāng)溫度下進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保溫在冷卻
⑨、20#鋼許用應(yīng)力
20號(hào)鋼在225℃下的許用應(yīng)力:(16-36mm)111-124MPa之間;(6-16mm)之間117-131MPa
20號(hào)鋼在100℃下的許用應(yīng)力:150℃時(shí),20號(hào)鋼鋼管的許用應(yīng)力為130 MPa,20號(hào)鋼鍛件的許用應(yīng)力為108MPa
Allowable stress of no. 20 steel at 225℃ :(16-36mm) 111-124mpa;(6-16 mm) between 117-131 mpa
Allowable stress of No. 20 steel at 100℃ : At 150℃, the allowable stress of No. 20 steel tube is 130 MPa, and that of no. 20 steel forgings is 108MPa
⑩、20#鋼化學(xué)成份
C
Si
Mn
P
S
Ni
Cr
Cu
0.17~0.23
0.17~0.37
0.35~0.65
≤0.035
≤0.035
≤0.30
≤0.25
≤0.25
?、20#鋼力學(xué)性能
牌號(hào)
厚度
抗拉強(qiáng)度
屈服強(qiáng)度
延長(zhǎng)率
斷面收縮率
20#
25
410
245
25
55
?、20#鋼應(yīng)用
用途:適用於製造汽車、拖拉機(jī)及一般機(jī)械製造業(yè)中建造不太重要的中小型滲碳碳氮共滲等零件,如汽車上的手剎蹄片、槓桿軸、變速箱速叉、傳動(dòng)被動(dòng)齒輪及拖拉機(jī)上凸輪軸、懸掛均衡器軸、均衡器內(nèi)外襯套等;在熱軋或正火狀態(tài)下用於製造受力不大,而要求韌性高的各種機(jī)械零件;在重、中型機(jī)械製造業(yè)中,如鍛制或壓制的拉桿、鉤環(huán)、槓桿、套筒、夾具等。在汽輪機(jī)和鍋爐製造業(yè)中多用於壓力≤6N/平方,溫度≤450℃的非腐化介質(zhì)中工作的管子、法蘭、聯(lián)箱及各種緊固件;在鐵路、機(jī)車車輛上用於製造十字頭、活塞等鑄件。
Application: it is suitable for manufacturing small and medium sized carburized carburized parts, such as handbrake shoes, lever shaft, gearbox speed fork, transmission passive gear and camshaft on tractor, suspension equalizer shaft, equalizer inner and outer bushing of equalizer.Under hot rolling or normalizing condition, it is used to manufacture all kinds of mechanical parts with low stress and high toughness.In heavy and medium machinery manufacturing, such as forged or pressed ties, hooks, levers, sleeves, fixtures, etc.In steam turbine and boiler manufacturing industry, it is mainly used for pipes, flanges, headers and various fasteners in non-corrosive medium with pressure ≤6N/ m2 and temperature ≤450℃.Used in railway, rolling stock to make crosshead, piston and other castings.